{"id":94,"date":"2025-11-19T15:33:57","date_gmt":"2025-11-19T07:33:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bulangworld.com\/?page_id=94"},"modified":"2025-11-20T10:38:56","modified_gmt":"2025-11-20T02:38:56","slug":"%e6%96%87%e5%ad%a6%e4%b8%8e%e7%a5%9e%e8%af%9d","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.bulangworld.com\/?page_id=94","title":{"rendered":"\u6587\u5b66\u4e0e\u795e\u8bddLiterature and Mythology"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u5e03\u6717\u65cf\u6587\u5b66\u4e0e\u795e\u8bdd<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Bulang Literature and Mythology<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5e03\u6717\u65cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u897f\u5357\u8fb9\u7586\u7684\u53e4\u8001\u6c11\u65cf\uff0c\u5728\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u591a\u5f69\u7684\u53e3\u5934\u6587\u5b66\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u795e\u8bdd\u3001\u4f20\u8bf4\u3001\u53f2\u8bd7\u3001\u6b4c\u8c23\u3001\u53d9\u4e8b\u8bd7\u3001\u8c1a\u8bed\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u5b66\u4f5c\u54c1\u751f\u52a8\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u5e03\u6717\u65cf\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u4f26\u7406\u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u5ba1\u7f8e\u60c5\u8da3\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u65cf\u6587\u5316\u5b9d\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u7470\u5b9d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As one of the ancient ethnic groups of China\u2019s southwestern frontier, the Bulang have created a rich and colorful body of oral literature over the course of their long history, including myths, legends, epics, ballads, narrative poems, proverbs and other forms. These literary works vividly record the historical memory, religious beliefs, ethics, morality and aesthetic tastes of the Bulang people, and are treasures in the treasure house of Chinese culture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5e03\u6717\u65cf\u6587\u5b66\u5177\u6709\u9c9c\u660e\u7279\u5f81\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n

    \n
  1. 集体性：多为族群共同创作传承<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. 口头性：依靠口耳相传保存<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. 综合性：诗、乐、舞三位一体<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. 象征性：善用动植物隐喻<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. 变异性：同一母题多版本流传<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Bulang literature bears distinct characteristics:<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
    • \nCollective creation<\/strong>: works are often produced and transmitted by the community.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \nOrality<\/strong>: preserved through oral transmission.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \nSynthesis<\/strong>: integration of poetry, music, and dance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \nSymbolism<\/strong>: frequent use of plant and animal metaphors.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \nVariability<\/strong>: multiple versions of the same motif circulate.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      \u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u5b66\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u5e03\u6717\u65cf\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u5bb6\u56ed\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u897f\u5357\u6c11\u65cf\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u73cd\u8d35\u8d44\u6599\u3002\u5982\u300a\u5144\u59b9\u5a5a\u300b\u795e\u8bdd\u53cd\u6620\u8840\u7f18\u5a5a\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u300a\u8fc1\u5f99\u53f2\u8bd7\u300b\u5370\u8bc1\u6c11\u65cf\u8fc1\u5f99\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u300a\u56fe\u817e\u795e\u8bdd\u300b\u63ed\u793a\u539f\u59cb\u5d07\u62dc\u6e0a\u6e90\u3002\u5728\u5f53\u4ee3\uff0c\u5e03\u6717\u65cf\u6587\u5b66\u6b63\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u5b57\u8bb0\u5f55\u3001\u821e\u53f0\u6539\u7f16\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u80b2\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u83b7\u5f97\u65b0\u751f\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u6ecb\u517b\u7740\u6c11\u65cf\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4f20\u627f\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      These literary works not only serve as the spiritual homeland of the Bulang but also provide valuable materials for the study of the history, religion, and society of Southwest China\u2019s ethnic groups. For example, the Sibling Marriage<\/em> myth reflects historical memories of consanguineous unions; the Migration Epics<\/em> record ancestral migration routes; and Totem Myths<\/em> reveal the roots of primitive worship. In the contemporary era, Bulang literature is being revitalized through transcription, stage adaptation, and school education, continuing to nourish cultural transmission and development.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u4e00\u3001\u521b\u4e16\u795e\u8bdd\uff1a\u5b87\u5b99\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u8d77\u6e90<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      I. Creation Myths: The Origin of the Universe and Humankind<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u5e03\u6717\u65cf\u7684\u521b\u4e16\u795e\u8bdd\u4f53\u7cfb\u5b8c\u6574\uff0c\u60f3\u8c61\u7470\u4e3d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u89e3\u91ca\u5929\u5730\u5f62\u6210\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u8d77\u6e90\u4e24\u5927\u4e3b\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      The Bulang creation mythology forms a complete system, rich in imagination, centering on two major themes: the formation of heaven and earth, and the origin of humanity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \uff08\u4e00\uff09\u5929\u5730\u5f00\u8f9f\u795e\u8bdd<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

        \n
      • Myths of Heaven and Earth<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        \u300a\u987e\u7c73\u4e9a\u300b\u662f\u6d41\u4f20\u4e8e\u7ea2\u6cb3\u5dde\u91d1\u5e73\u53bf\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u521b\u4e16\u795e\u8bdd\u3002\u6545\u4e8b\u8bb2\u8ff0\u8fdc\u53e4\u65f6\u671f\u5b87\u5b99\u95f4\u5145\u6ee1\u98d8\u8361\u7684\u4e91\u96fe\uff0c\u795e\u5de8\u4eba\u987e\u7c73\u4e9a\u548c\u5341\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u7acb\u5fd7\u5f00\u5929\u8f9f\u5730\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u730e\u6740\u4e00\u5934\u5de8\u5927\u7280\u725b\uff0c\u7528\u7280\u725b\u76ae\u505a\u5929\uff0c\u7280\u725b\u8089\u505a\u5730\uff0c\u7280\u725b\u773c\u53d8\u661f\u8fb0\uff0c\u7280\u725b\u9aa8\u5316\u77f3\u5934\uff0c\u7280\u725b\u8840\u6210\u6c5f\u6cb3\uff0c\u7280\u725b\u6bdb\u53d8\u82b1\u8349\u6811\u6728\uff0c\u7280\u725b\u9aa8\u9ad3\u5316\u4f5c\u9e1f\u517d\u866b\u9c7c\u3002\u4e3a\u9632\u6b62\u5929\u5730\u584c\u9677\uff0c\u987e\u7c73\u4e9a\u7528\u7280\u725b\u817f\u6491\u5929\uff0c\u9ccc\u9c7c\u6258\u5730\uff0c\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Gumiya<\/em>, a classic creation myth from Jinping County in Honghe Prefecture, tells of a time when the universe was filled with drifting clouds and mist. The divine giant Gumiya and his twelve children resolved to create the world. They slew a colossal rhinoceros: its hide became the sky, its flesh the earth, its eyes the stars, its bones the rocks, its blood the rivers, and its hair the plants and trees. Its marrow transformed into birds, beasts, insects, and fish. To prevent the collapse of heaven and earth, Gu Miya held up the sky with the legs of a rhinoceros and supported the earth with a turtle fish, creating an orderly world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \u897f\u53cc\u7248\u7eb3\u6d41\u4f20\u7684\u300a\u5e15\u96c5\u82f1\u4e0e\u5341\u4e8c\u74e6\u5e2d\u300b\u5219\u8bb2\u8ff0\u5730\u7403\u539f\u662f\u6c6a\u6d0b\uff0c\u5341\u4e8c\u884c\u661f\uff08\u74e6\u5e2d\uff09\u7684\u5149\u70ed\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u5b87\u5b99\u5927\u795e\u4e4b\u5b50\u5e15\u96c5\u82f1\u6316\u51fa\u5de6\u773c\u6302\u4e8e\u5929\u7a7a\uff0c\u4e3a\u5730\u7403\u5e26\u6765\u5149\u660e\u3002\u5728\u592a\u9633\u7167\u5c04\u4e0b\uff0c\u9646\u5730\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u8bde\u751f\u3002\u540e\u7ecf\u6d2a\u6c34\u52ab\u96be\uff0c\u5e15\u96c5\u82f1\u5728\u6708\u4eae\u5973\u795e\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u7528\u6728\u96d5\u4eba\u50cf\u521b\u9020\u4eba\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Another myth, Payayin and the Twelve Planets<\/em>, circulating in Xishuangbanna, recounts that the earth was once a boundless ocean, and the twelve planets (known as Waxi<\/em>) lacked sufficient light and heat. Payayin, the son of the great god of the universe, gouged out his left eye and hung it in the sky, bringing light to the earth. Under the sun\u2019s rays, land expanded and life was born. After a catastrophic flood, Payayin, aided by the moon goddess, carved wooden figures and created humankind.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u4eba\u7c7b\u8d77\u6e90\u795e\u8bdd<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        (2) Myths of Humankind Origins<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \u5e03\u6717\u65cf\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u8d77\u6e90\u795e\u8bdd\u5f62\u6001\u591a\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u795e\u8bdd\u65e2\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u8840\u7f18\u5a5a\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff0c\u4e5f\u8574\u542b\u5bf9\u5404\u6c11\u65cf\u540c\u6e90\u5171\u7956\u7684\u6734\u7d20\u8ba4\u77e5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Bulang myths of human origin take diverse forms, reflecting both historical memories of sibling marriage and an early understanding of common ancestry among different peoples:<\/p>\n\n\n

          \n
        1. 葫芦生人说：流传最广的版本讲述天神派天鹅衔来葫芦籽，葫芦成熟后啄开，走出各族先民。双江县传说葫芦从”勐茅大湾塘”漂来，白鼠啃通葫芦，走出布朗、傣、汉等民族。<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

          Birth from a gourd<\/strong>: The most widespread version tells that the sky god sent a swan to deliver gourd seeds. When the gourd ripened and was pecked open, the ancestors of various peoples emerged. In Shuangjiang, it is said the gourd floated from Mengmao Dawan Pond<\/em>, and when gnawed open by a white mouse, Blang, Dai, Han, and other groups came forth.<\/p>\n\n\n

            \n
          • 兄妹婚神话：多数地区都有洪水后兄妹婚配再造人类的故事。滇西版本讲兄妹滚磨盘验证天意，婚后生怪胎剁碎变人；滇南版本则说兄妹躲树洞避洪水，生出葫芦后从中走出人类。<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

            Sibling marriage<\/strong>: Many regions recount that after a flood, a brother and sister repopulated humanity. In western Yunnan, they tested heaven\u2019s will by rolling a millstone; after marriage, they bore a monster, which when chopped into pieces transformed into humans. In southern Yunnan, the siblings hid in a tree hollow during the flood, later producing a gourd from which humankind emerged.<\/p>\n\n\n

              \n
            • 削木成人说：勐海县传说男子削木为女，结为夫妻繁衍后代；另有”木穴出人”说，布朗人从烧红铁锥钻出的木穴中钻出，故皮肤黝黑。<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

              Carving humans from wood<\/strong>: In Menghai County, a tale relates that a man carved a woman from wood and married her, giving rise to descendants. Another story, the \u201cwood-hole origin,\u201d claims that Bulang people crawled out from holes drilled in wood with a red-hot iron awl, which explains their dark skin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u4e8c\u3001\u56fe\u817e\u795e\u8bdd\uff1a\u7af9\u9f20\u4e0e\u86e4\u87c6\u7684\u4f20\u8bf4<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

              II. Totem Myths: Legends of Bamboo Rats and Toads<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u5e03\u6717\u65cf\u7684\u56fe\u817e\u795e\u8bdd\u4e0e\u5176\u539f\u59cb\u5d07\u62dc\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u6700\u5177\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u662f\u7af9\u9f20\u548c\u86e4\u87c6\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              Bulang totem myths are closely linked to primitive worship, with the most representative focusing on the bamboo rat and the toad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \uff08\u4e00\uff09\u7af9\u9f20\u795e\u8bdd<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

                \n
              • Bamboo Rat Myths<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                \u897f\u53cc\u7248\u7eb3\u5e7f\u6cdb\u6d41\u4f20\u7af9\u9f20\u8d60\u8c37\u79cd\u7684\u795e\u8bdd\uff1a\u4e24\u4f4d\u5e84\u7a3c\u4eba”\u5e15\u4e9a\u9686\u6728\u4f4e”\u548c”\u5e15\u4e9a\u731b\u62c9”\u5411\u5929\u795e\u8ba8\u8c37\u79cd\u672a\u679c\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u7af9\u9f20\u8d60\u4e88\u4e00\u7c92\u8c37\u5b50\uff0c\u64ad\u79cd\u4e09\u5e74\u540e\u83b7\u5f97\u4e30\u6536\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5e03\u6717\u65cf\u5c06\u7af9\u9f20\u89c6\u4e3a\u5e26\u6765”\u8c37\u9b42”\u7684\u6069\u4e3b\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u6355\u6740\u3002\u6bcf\u5e74”\u5188\u6c38”\u8282\u8981\u4e3e\u884c\u9686\u91cd\u7684\u7af9\u9f20\u796d\u7940\u4eea\u5f0f\uff0c\u7528\u8721\u6761\u3001\u9c9c\u82b1\u88c5\u9970\u7af9\u9f20\u6e38\u5be8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                In Xishuangbanna, a widespread tale recounts how bamboo rats gifted grain seeds: Two farmers, Payalongmudi<\/em> and Payamengla<\/em>, failed to obtain seeds from the sky god, but a bamboo rat gave them a single grain. Three years after sowing, they had a bountiful harvest. Therefore, the Bulang people regard the bamboo rat as a benefactor that brings the “soul of the valley” and prohibit its hunting. Each year, during the Gang Yong<\/em> Festival, a grand ritual is held in their honor, where bamboo rats are decorated with wax strips and flowers and paraded around the village.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u86e4\u87c6\u795e\u8bdd<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                (2) Toad Myths<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u300a\u5ca9\u6d1b\u535c\u6211\u300b\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4eba\u738b\u539f\u662f\u86e4\u87c6\uff0c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u6297\u5236\u9020\u5e72\u65f1\u7684\u5929\u795e\u201d\u53ed\u4e9a\u5929\u201d\uff0c\u5148\u6d3e\u767d\u8682\u8681\u86c0\u7a7a\u5929\u795e\u6b66\u5668\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u83b7\u80dc\u3002\u4ed6\u5c06\u5929\u4e0a\u79bd\u517d\u5206\u7ed9\u4eba\u7c7b\uff0c\u7537\u4eba\u5206\u5f97\u91ce\u79bd\u56e0\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0d\u5584\u5168\u90e8\u9003\u8d70\uff0c\u5973\u4eba\u5206\u5f97\u5bb6\u79bd\u7ec6\u5fc3\u7167\u6599\u5f97\u4ee5\u7559\u5b58\u3002\u86e4\u87c6\u8131\u76ae\u53d8\u4eba\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5e03\u6717\u65cf\u7956\u5148\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u795e\u8bdd\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u72e9\u730e\u4e0e\u9a6f\u517b\u7684\u5206\u5de5\u8d77\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                In Yan Luo Bu<\/em> W<\/em>o<\/em>, tells the story that the human king was originally a toad. To fight against the god Ba<\/em> Y<\/em>a Tian<\/em> who caused drought, he first sent white ants to hollow out the god’s weapon and eventually won. He distributed the beasts in the sky among humans. The men were given wild birds, but all of them fled due to poor management. The women were given domestic fowls, which they took good care of and survived. The toad shed its skin and transformed into a human, becoming the ancestor of the Bulang ethnic group. This myth explains the origin of the division of labor between hunting and domestication.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u66f4\u65b0\u4e2d \u2026\u2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                To be continued \u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u4e09\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u795e\u8bdd\uff1a\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u4f20\u8bf4<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                III. Nature Myths: Explanatory Tales<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u5e03\u6717\u65cf\u901a\u8fc7\u751f\u52a8\u4f20\u8bf4\u89e3\u91ca\u81ea\u7136\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u601d\u7ef4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                The Bulang interpret natural phenomena through vivid myths, reflecting their distinctive modes of thought.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \uff08\u4e00\uff09\u65e5\u6708\u795e\u8bdd<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u300a\u592a\u9633\u3001\u6708\u4eae\u548c\u86e4\u87c6\u300b\u89e3\u91ca\u65e5\u98df\u6708\u98df\uff1a\u4e09\u5144\u5f1f\u4e2d\u86e4\u87c6\u5e38\u88ab\u6b3a\u8d1f\uff0c\u53d1\u8a93\u8981\u201d\u5728\u4e16\u4eba\u9762\u524d\u4e22\u8138”\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5b9a\u671f\u541e\u98df\u592a\u9633\u6708\u4eae\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u65e5\u98df\u6708\u98df\u3002\u8fd9\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5e03\u6717\u65cf\u5bf9\u5929\u6587\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                (1) Sun and Moon Myths<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                The Sun, the Moon, and the Toad<\/em> explains eclipses: Among the three brothers, Toad, was often bullied and vowed to make his siblings to “lose face in front of the world”, so it regularly swallowed the Sun and the moon, resulting in solar and lunar eclipses. This reflects the observation of astronomical phenomena by the Bulang people.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u52a8\u7269\u7279\u5f81\u4f20\u8bf4<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u300a\u7a7a\u809a\u5b50\u7684\u201d\u591a\u591a\u5a01”\u300b\u901a\u8fc7\u8fde\u9501\u5f0f\u60c5\u8282\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u77e5\u4e86\uff08\u8749\uff09\u4e3a\u4f55\u7a7a\u8179\uff1a\u6cb9\u74dc\u7838\u788e\u571f\u9505\u2192\u627e\u677e\u9f20\u2192\u627e\u8682\u8681\u2192\u627e\u91ce\u9e21\u2192\u627e\u829d\u9ebb\u2192\u627e\u51ac\u74dc\u2192\u627e\u9e8b\u5b50\u2192\u627e\u77e5\u4e86\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u827e\u5e7f\u9f99\u6012\u634f\u77e5\u4e86\u8170\u90e8\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5185\u810f\u5c3d\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                (2) Animal Trait Legends<\/strong>
                The Empty-Bellied Du<\/em>oduowei<\/em> explains through a series of plot twists why cicadas are on an empty stomach: oil melon smashing the clay pot \u2192 looking for squirrels \u2192 looking for ants \u2192 looking for pheasants \u2192 looking for sesame seeds \u2192 looking for winter melons \u2192 looking for elk \u2192 looking for cicadas. Eventually, \u201cAi Guanglong\u201d angrily pinches the cicada’s waist, causing all its internal organs to come out.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \uff08\u4e09\uff09\u8c37\u7269\u8d77\u6e90\u795e\u8bdd<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u300a\u7259\u67af\u7d22\u300b\u8bb2\u8ff0\u8c37\u79cd\u8d77\u6e90\uff1a\u5b55\u5987\u201d\u7259\u67af\u7d22”\u7684\u8c37\u7c92\u5927\u5982\u5357\u74dc\uff0c\u56e0\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0d\u5584\u56db\u5904\u9003\u6563\uff0c\u7af9\u9f20\u5c06\u5176\u6492\u64ad\u5927\u5730\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u59cb\u6709\u7cae\u98df\u3002\u53e6\u6709\u4f20\u8bf4\u79f0\u8c37\u79cd\u4f1a\u98de\uff0c\u56e0\u61d2\u4eba\u827e\u6e29\u55ef\u4e0d\u4fee\u7cae\u4ed3\u800c\u6c38\u4e0d\u518d\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                (3) Myths of Grain Origins<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                The Yaku Suo<\/em> <\/em>tells of the origin of grain seeds: The grains of the pregnant woman “Yakusuo” were as big as pumpkins. Due to poor management, they scattered in all directions. Bamboo rats scattered them on the ground, and thus humans had food. There is another legend that the grain seeds can fly and will never come back because the lazy man, \u201cAi Wen En\u201d, did not repair the granary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u66f4\u65b0\u4e2d \u2026\u2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                To be continued \u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u56db\u3001\u8fc1\u5f99\u53f2\u8bd7\uff1a\u6c11\u65cf\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                IV. Migration Epics: Memories of Ethnic History<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u5e03\u6717\u65cf\u901a\u8fc7\u53f2\u8bd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u8fc1\u5f99\u5386\u7a0b\uff0c\u6700\u5177\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u662f\u300a\u4ece\u52d0\u8305\u6765\u7684\u4eba\u300b\u548c\u300a\u6765\u81ea\u201d\u6d2a\u52d2\u5357\u4e09\u563f”\u300b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53f2\u8bd7\u8bb2\u8ff0\u5e03\u6717\u5148\u6c11\u4ece”\u52d0\u8305”\uff08\u4eca\u7f05\u7538\u666f\u680b\u4e00\u5e26\uff09\u6cbf\u6f9c\u6ca7\u6c5f\u3001\u6012\u6c5f\u8fc1\u5f99\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5b9a\u5c45\u73b0\u5c45\u5730\u7684\u8270\u96be\u5386\u7a0b\u3002\u8bd7\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230”\u62d6\u5934\u6210\u5be8”\u3001”\u91d1\u5c71\u9009\u5730”\u7b49\u60c5\u8282\uff0c\u6298\u5c04\u771f\u5b9e\u5386\u53f2\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                The Bulang people record their migration through epics, the most representative of which are The People Who Came from Mengmao<\/em> and Those from Honglenan Sanhei<\/em>. These epics tell the arduous journey of the ancestors of the Bulang people as they migrated from “Mengmao” (now the area around Jingdong in Myanmar) along the Lancang River and the Nu River and finally settled in their current settlements. The poem mentions plots such as “dragging heads to form a camp” and “selecting a site in Jinshan”, reflecting real historical events.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u52d0\u6d77\u53bf\u6253\u6d1b\u4e61\u7684\u300a\u5e15\u96c5\u82f1\u3001\u5e15\u96c5\u6367\u3001\u5e15\u96c5\u5929\u9020\u4eba\u300b\u5219\u5c06\u8fc1\u5f99\u4e0e\u521b\u4e16\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u53d9\u8ff0\u7956\u5148\u4ece\u6c34\u5e95\u4e16\u754c\u88ab\u6551\u51fa\uff0c\u7ecf\u846b\u82a6\u6f02\u6d41\u5b9a\u5c45\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                In Daluo Township, Menghai County, the epic Payayin, Payapeng, and Payatian Create Humanity<\/em> merges migration with creation, narrating how ancestors were rescued from an underwater world, drifted in a gourd, and finally found a place to settle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u4e94\u3001\u6c11\u95f4\u6545\u4e8b\uff1a\u591a\u5143\u9898\u6750\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                V. Folktales: Narratives of Diverse Themes<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u5e03\u6717\u65cf\u6c11\u95f4\u6545\u4e8b\u9898\u6750\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                Bulang folktales cover a wide range of subjects:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \uff08\u4e00\uff09\u52a8\u7269\u6545\u4e8b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u300a\u9ec4\u9e4f\u548c\u5927\u8c61\u300b\u8bb2\u8ff0\u9ec4\u9e4f\u5728\u9ec4\u8702\u3001\u82cd\u8747\u3001\u9752\u86d9\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e3a\u88ab\u5927\u8c61\u8e29\u6b7b\u7684\u5e7c\u9e1f\u590d\u4ec7\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u56e2\u7ed3\u6297\u4e89\u7cbe\u795e\u3002\u300a\u5c0f\u86e4\u87c6\u667a\u6597\u4e09\u5927\u738b\u300b\u7b49\u5bd3\u8a00\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u591a\u8868\u73b0\u5f31\u5c0f\u6218\u80dc\u5f3a\u66b4\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                (1) Animal Tales<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                Huangpeng and the Elephant<\/em> tells how \u201cHuang Peng\u201d, aided by wasps, flies, and frogs, avenged a fledgling bird trampled to death by an elephant, symbolizing solidarity and resistance. Fables such as The Clever Little Toad Outsmarts the Three Kings<\/em> highlight the triumph of the weak over the strong.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u7231\u60c5\u6545\u4e8b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u300a\u4e24\u59d0\u59b9\u300b\u662f\u86c7\u90ce\u578b\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u59b9\u59b9\u5ac1\u9f99\u738b\u5b50\u906d\u59d0\u59d0\u5ac9\u5992\u88ab\u5bb3\uff0c\u53d8\u5b54\u96c0\u91cd\u751f\uff1b\u300a\u6717\u4e09\u98d8\u300b\u8bb2\u8ff0\u7f8e\u5973\u88ab\u5996\u602a\u903c\u8feb\u8df3\u6cb3\u6210\u4ed9\u7684\u60b2\u5267\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                (2) Love Stories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                The Two Sisters<\/em> is a story of the Snake Boy type. The younger sister married the Dragon Prince and was jealous and killed by her elder sister. She then transformed into a peacock and was reborn. Lang Sanpiao<\/em> narrates the tragedy of a maiden forced by a demon to leap into a river and become an immortal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \uff08\u4e09\uff09\u673a\u667a\u4eba\u7269\u6545\u4e8b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u300a\u827e\u638c\u6765\u300b\u7cfb\u5217\u6545\u4e8b\u5c55\u73b0\u5e03\u6717\u65cf\u201d\u963f\u51e1\u63d0”\u5f0f\u7684\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u5de7\u6539\u5bf9\u8054\u300b\u4e2d\u5de7\u5999\u5316\u89e3\u5934\u4eba\u5201\u96be\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                (3) Trickster Tales<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                The Ai Zhang<\/em> <\/em>L<\/em>ai<\/em> is a series of stories showcases the wisdom of the \u201cA Fan Ti” style of the Bulang ethnic group, such as the ingenious resolution of the headman’s obstruction in Cleverly Altering the Couplets.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \uff08\u56db\uff09\u751f\u6d3b\u6545\u4e8b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u300a\u5be1\u5987\u513f\u5b50\u548c\u9c7c\u59d1\u5a18\u300b\u6b4c\u9882\u52e4\u52b3\u5584\u826f\uff1b\u300a\u9a97\u4eba\u5bb3\u5df1\u7684\u5361\u62fd\u300b\u97ad\u631e\u6b3a\u8bc8\u6076\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                (4) Everyday Life Stories<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                <\/em>The Widow<\/em>\u2019<\/em>s Son and the Fish Maiden<\/em> praises diligence and kindness, while Kazhui, Who Harmed Himself Through Deceit<\/em>, criticizes fraud and evil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u66f4\u65b0\u4e2d \u2026\u2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                To be continued \u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u516d\u3001\u8bd7\u6b4c\u827a\u672f\uff1a\u5fc3\u7075\u7684\u541f\u5531<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                VI. Poetic Art: Songs of the Soul<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u5e03\u6717\u65cf\u8bd7\u6b4c\u4e0e\u97f3\u4e50\u821e\u8e48\u7d27\u5bc6\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7c7b\u578b\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                Bulang poetry is inseparable from music and dance, with major types including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \uff08\u4e00\uff09\u53e4\u6b4c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u201c\u7d22”\uff08\u52b3\u52a8\u6b4c\uff09\u3001”\u62fd”\uff08\u4e60\u4fd7\u6b4c\uff09\u3001”\u5bb0”\uff08\u60c5\u6b4c\uff09\u3001”\u751f”\uff08\u8fc1\u5f99\u6b4c\uff09\u3001”\u540c\u66fc”\uff08\u53cd\u6297\u6b4c\uff09\u4e94\u5927\u8c03\u5f0f\u3002\u52d0\u6d77\u53bf\u6709\u300a\u53eb\u8c37\u9b42\u6b4c\u300b\uff0c\u5531\u8ff0\u8c37\u79cd\u98de\u884c\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u795e\u5947\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                (1) Ancient Songs<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                Five principal modes: Suo<\/em> (labor songs), Zhuai<\/em> (customary songs), Zai<\/em> (love songs), Sheng<\/em> (migration songs), and Tongman<\/em> (songs of resistance). In Menghai County, Song of Summoning the Grain Soul<\/em> recounts the magic of the flying ability of the grain seeds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u53d9\u4e8b\u8bd7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u300a\u827e\u68f1\u4f20\u300b\u6b4c\u9882\u82f1\u96c4\u7387\u6c11\u8fc1\u5f99\uff1b\u300a\u9053\u9ad8\u6717\u300b\u8bb2\u8ff0\u5e03\u6717\u9752\u5e74\u4e0e\u50a3\u65cf\u5c0f\u59d0\u7684\u7231\u60c5\u60b2\u5267\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                (2) Narrative Poems<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                The Tale of Ai<\/em> L<\/em>eng<\/em> praises a hero who led his people in migration, while Dao Gaolang<\/em> tells the tragic love story of a Bulang youth and a Dai maiden.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \uff08\u4e09\uff09\u60c5\u6b4c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u201c\u62d4\u76fc”\uff08\u60c5\u8bcd\uff09\u591a\u7528\u9690\u55bb\uff0c\u5982”\u4f60\u82e5\u662f\u6c34\u6211\u4e0d\u559d\uff0c\u662f\u706b\u6211\u4e0d\u71c3”\u8868\u8fbe\u53cd\u6297\u5934\u4eba\u51b3\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                (3) Love Songs<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                Bapan<\/em> (love lyrics) abound in metaphor. For example, \u201cIf you are water, I shall not drink; if you are fire, I shall not burn\u201d expresses determination to resist oppressive headmen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \uff08\u56db\uff09\u513f\u6b4c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u300a\u591a\u591a\u5a01\u300b\u6a21\u4eff\u8749\u9e23\uff0c\u300a\u6708\u4eae\u5706\u5706\u300b\u5145\u6ee1\u7ae5\u8da3\u5e7b\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                (4) Children<\/strong>\u2019<\/strong>s Songs<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                Doduowei<\/em> imitates cicada sounds, while The Round Moon<\/em> is full of childlike imagination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u66f4\u65b0\u4e2d \u2026\u2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                To be continued \u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                \u5e03\u6717\u65cf\u6587\u5b66\u4e0e\u795e\u8bdd Bulang Literature and Mythology \u5e03\u6717\u65cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u897f\u5357\u8fb9\u7586\u7684\u53e4\u8001 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-94","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.bulangworld.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/94","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.bulangworld.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.bulangworld.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.bulangworld.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.bulangworld.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=94"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/www.bulangworld.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/94\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":162,"href":"http:\/\/www.bulangworld.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/94\/revisions\/162"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.bulangworld.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=94"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}